shahi caste in nepal

In this follow up blog post, I go into the details of how the intricate gradations dictates a crucial activity: family alliances, i.e. Love from Canada. A scene from Prabodh Shahi and Aditi Ranas wedding. Of course, naturally, some from different ethnicities or castes do find themselves getting close but end up up suffering as their relationship is unacceptable to one or both families. In fact Newars, Khas, and Madhesis are the only three ethnicities of Nepal that have a social structure based on Hindu varna model. In other words, those within a circle represent a group of families that are connected to one another through marriage and/or their ability to potentially inter-marry. Temples of Taleju Bhawani in Kathmandu, Lalitpur, and Bhaktapur districts are believed to be linked with the Mithila Kingdom. When was the last time California executed a prisoner. Another scene from Prabodh Shahis janti parade. She then made seven statements or vows before taking a seat on the left side of Prabodh. Parbati BK, a Dalit rights activist and politician from Jajarkot district said: Nabaraj BK wouldnt have been murdered if he was from an upper caste.. No matter how poor a Shrestha is, his mind will always have a sense of superiority over a rich Shahi. Sushamas parents had told Nabaraj he couldnt marry their daughter because he was a Dalit. As per the 2011 Nepal census, the population of Madhesi/Terai Rajputs is reported at 41,972. And while in the United States, the couple may talk to family and friends regarding their availability and check to see if their first-choice venue has already been booked, in Nepal, an astrologer makes this major decision. A whopping 80% of males and 95% of females had been less than 25! On the same day, in Rupandehi in southern . A sizable number of Newar people also believe in Buddhism. So, what has ended up happening is something I pointed out in the first of the blog posts in this series: Self-segregation driven by expectations and pressure from the society and reinforced by members of the two inner circles help maintain the above division. forming into their own ethnicities. To find your choice, press Control+F and type the surname to see which caste/community/ethnic group and sub-caste/clan it falls under. Each summer, they travel up the mountainand each winter, they come down. Choosing a wedding date in Nepalthe small mountainous country nestled in between China and Indiahas always been a big deal. ), (At The Quint, we are answerable only to our audience. To respond to itin the first point you make, I am Not sure I understand what you mean by 1. In 2016, the then prime minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal directed the concerned authorities to form a committee for the investigation of the alleged murder of Ajit Mijar, a Dalit man who was killed after he married a Brahmin woman. "[7] One of the Thakuri Shah ruler of Gorkha,[4] King Ram Shah, also attempted to forge recognition of kinship relations from the Ranas of Udaypur. The next morning, rituals started at 4:00 a.m., remembers Aditi. Newars Have More Than 115 Surnames, How Many Of Them You Know? Ruling party lawmaker Janardan Sharma, who represents West Rukum (where Soti village is located) in the House of Representatives, has been accused of having close ties with the perpetrators. The UN high commissioner for human rights, Michelle Bachelet, condemned the latest killings and the discrimination against the Dalit community. family, was Chandla. Among 125 listed caste and ethnic groups in the census, 63 are classified as Janajati among which Tharu, Magar, Gurung, Tamang, Newar, Sherpa, Limbu . tato na charo bolna lekhna kehi aundaina , hing ko talo bokera ke jat ko ghamand garrne. Similarly, in the Shrestha/Shahi and 4/16 jaat Gurung case, the scope and dimension is very different. But the point I make here stands that within Newars, there is stratification, whether Newar as a group is classed under one caste or two or three different of the five castes. Dalit villagers in Tamakhani, Solukhumbu, Nepal. Locals at Thimi Bhatkapur watching Newar festival Bisket Jatra (Pic elpais.com), Anything missing? The couple then exchanged garlands. As for the third point you make, yes I am sure, as you say, there are variations within Newars. Marrying and living within relatively small bubbles and valuing those within those bubbles more than others has some dire consequences for the society, which will be the topic of follow up blog posts. The stone inscriptions of these kings and the Rajatarangini have the form Sahi. There is a clear pattern of police personnel in various parts of the country refusing to even register cases filed by Dalit victims: The suspicious death of Jenisha Nepali in Jajarkot, the rape of Gandhi Sah in Siraha, and the beating of Manika Sunar for contaminating water are just a few examples of cases in the past two years in which the identifiable perpetrators were clearly not punished. Mallas family, of a privileged caste, did not want a Dalit son-in-law, and got 50-60 villagers of Soti to chase BK and his friends to the Bheri river and brutally beat them. India has thousands of castes and subcastes, they are in existence and practice since the Vedic times. Satya Mohan Joshi (1920- 2022), Scholar of history and culture, Swor Samrat Narayan Gopal (1939-1990), Singer, Joshi, Malla, Pradhananga, Pradhan, Rajbhandari, Amatya, Vaidya, Maskey, Kayastha, Rajvanshi, Patrabansh, Mathema, Lakhey, Hada, Karmacharya, Guruvacharya. ], SetoPati (July 16, 2021). The economic crisis, public health crisis, and crisis of the justice system have compounded each other, and in the midst of it all, governmental apathy has been resounding. Urmila said Nabaraj, one of four children, had just passed the physical exam to join the police force. The return procession or janti upto of the bride and groom is similar to the janti of the groom, but the bride and members of her family now join the procession with a brass band taking the lead. They are the indigenous people of the Kathmandu valley the and its surrounding areas in Nepal and the creators of its historic civilization. To begin with, many families do put their children even adult children through mental and emotional agony over marriage. So now, people mistakenly compare castes within Newars as similar to differences within Bahun (Upadhyaya, Jaishi) where as it should have been between Newars and Khas. [8] Most of the Thakuris are agriculturalists in Western Nepal except few aristrocratic families in the capital city. I agree with pretty much every single major point you make! Manjit Tamrakar, former acting president of the National Dalit Commission, called the incident a Dalit massacre. These days an astrologer might come up with a few auspicious dates, she says. We are sainju Newar. Copyright 2013-2020 Dorje Gurung.OceanWP Theme by Nick; Whats amazing about the graded inequality in the caste system is that its found even within my people of Upper Mustang, who are all Tibetan-Buddhists and ethnic-Tibetan (, Members of families belonging to different Family Groups following the practice of not inter-marrying generation after generation is now the Nepalis. The gradation does NOT end there. We were so happy thinking our poverty has gone and a better day has come. The Nepal Monitor, a Nepali human rights organisation, has recorded 26 cases of caste-based discrimination or violence so far this year. what are the 3 odd numbers just before 200 003? Shah is a common surname in Iran, India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan. Discrimination on the basis of caste was outlawed in Nepal in 2006. For the second time, we put pressure on the NDC to remove Khadgis from the list, Khadgi said, adding that the NDC officials repeatedly include other groups on the list just to show their population high and enjoy the benefits and funds meant for Dalits. [6] Historian Mahesh Chandra Regmi contends that "Each ruling dynasty in Nepal has tried to connect its lineage with well known dynasties of India. Theres a hierarchy to the way the communities are structured. In 1324 AD, when the last king Harisingh Dev was defeated by Delhi Sultan Gayasudin Tuglak ( ), King Hari Singh left for Kathmandu with the statue of Taleju Bhawani. It consists of the historical ruling class, and is made up of the descendants of the Great Khasa Malla kingdom rulers of the Baisi and Chaubisi principalities. The following surnames have claim Thakuri status but are not corroborated by governmental inclusivity organizations or historical sources:[14]. Back when marriages were almost all arranged, the astrologer would look at each persons chart and based on the placement of the sun and the moon at the time of their births, an auspicious date would be chosen, explains Sneha Shrestha, the founder of Sight Impact, a company that provides bespoke travel experiences to Nepal. He did, however, get down on his knee in front of all of our guests during the engagement ceremony, though.. What is this? A friend served as emcee and did a good job of telling the guests ourstories when he introduced us. Nepali education both formal and informal insufficiently educates the population about fellow Nepalis, among other things. The Dalits also write their name as Chandla, This is not compulsary that Shahi's from Up, Bihar and Nepal are all bhumihaars..My name is Siddhant Shahi and I am a Rajput of Sikarwar Clan, Continue Learning about Movies & Television. (modern). Likely a small or insignificant percentage. Nearly zero!Anyway, to reiterate, Nepalis are FORCED to& dolive in completely different worlds&realities based pretty entirely on their #casteeven those w/ exactly d same educational background+, Dorje Gurung, ScD (h.c.) (@Dorje_sDooing) December 1, 2020. Can you told me about junchebu Shrestha why not mentioning, Acharju and karmacharya have same gotra upamanya. Having said all that, in some instances, the reason for self-segregation is as much just based on the perception of one another by the members themselves and mutual history as on anything else. Because the truth is worth it.). In part I of this series, I outlined how Nepali society is made up of a caste-dictated structures. Aadibashi-Janajati is the umbrella term used to identify the ethnic indigenous people of Nepal. Don't Tell Your Nwaran Name, KEEP IT SECRET (And I illustrate this point with no intention of ill will but purely for academic argument based on our societys past) A Shrestha will not marry Shahi because of the very Manusmriti based notions of caste/varna where a Shrestha thinks the Shahi is ritually unclean, the touch of that person will defile the Shrestha and will require purification. I think this is the surname in Punjabi's in India. He will not step inside the house of the Shahi and in the old days, caste segregation meant the Shahi had to build his house outside the city limits and use different water taps. places where shahis are found: Afghanistan, Pakistan,kashmir, rajasthan, Punjab, haryana,uttaranchal, up, mp, bihar, Nepal. rajput come inAnswerwhara rajput come India pls say. Caste endogamy (marriage) as well as food and diet rules govern how he treats the Shahi. The brilliance of the insidious caste system, to me, is what Ambedkar calls its inherent graded inequality.. 3. Nuanced understanding is ABSOLUTELY needed! We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. [7], Thakuris constitute the aristocracy and possess the high social, ritual and political status. The reason? About 3 out of 4 females, for example, had still been teenagers when they were married (off)! As a matter of fact, when Nepalis talk about us and them the them generally refers to those beyond the third concentric circle. Here is the most comprehensive list of Nepali surnames and titles of various ethnic groups of Nepal. Newars are one of the major castes of Nepal. The caste system defines social classes by a number of hierarchical endogamous groups often termed jaat. The image, for instance, lists a number of the ethnic groups belonging to the third caste, the Enslavable Alcohol-Drinker caste. They would likely bulk at arranging the marriage of a son or daughter of theirs with one belonging to a Shahi family, who, because of the latters lower status, belong to a complete different family group, say X in the image. Given the strong familial and social expectations to self-segregate, which ultimately ends up facilitating their marriage to someone from ones marriage family group, how many will defy the overt and covert pressures and, instead, marry outside? Newars hierarchy is based off of Hindu varnashram from Rajopadhyaya Brahmins to Kshatriya Chathariya (Malla, Pradhan, Amatya, Joshi, Shrestha, etc.) . As of 1921, Suvarnabaniks and Sahas had good literacy rate which was in the order mentioned. Likely zero. This is based on the notions of caste and varna and on the holy Hindu books, most prominently of the Upanishads. My name is sujan pradhan what is my thar and gotra. But what I was trying to point out is that the dimension of hierarchy and social stratification of the 3 caste-following ethnicities of Nepal (Newar, Khas/Parbatey and Madhesi) with the non-caste following ethnicities (Janajatis) of Nepal is fundamentally different. Calverton, Maryland,USA: Macro International Inc. [Added Jan. 17, 2021. Surname > Caste/Community/Ethnicity > Clan/Sub-caste/Gotra 1. The only thing is that to dwell on them in this blog post would have been irrelevant, given the point I am trying to make. We sent photographer Matthieu Paley to document the two celebrations. If you love reading our post, support us to keep it up. Lets have a look. They are often hired by the British military as Gorkha soldiers because of their work ethic and bravery. [4] The 1854 Muluki Ain (Legal Code) refers Thakuris by the term Rajput despite being descended from the local Nepalese tribes. [4] Thakuris are politically and socially ahead of others. That is why a more nuanced, more appropriate comparison between caste groups would be between parallel groups within groups. As it was an arranged marriage, we were made to meet through an aunt who was known to both of us, explains Aditi. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Aditis Hindu marriage to her now-husband Prabodh Shahi was completely arranged by their parents. Hami Assam India ma ta tharei thaha xaina, esto na bhana na mero girlfriend mero cousin huna sakcha. The point of this blog post is to argue how the hierarchies within an ethnic group (whatever the reason or explanation for the hierarchies themselves are) prevent arranged marriages between families from different communities but belonging to the same ethnic group. The former royal family of Nepal also belong to this tribe. Theres gradation even within every community of people! That would be too straight-forward! Thank you for your response and please dont think of my response as a criticism of your post, I just wanted to add that one bit which I thought was worthy of a mention. It is said that the great king of Nepal Prithibhi Narayan Shah(1723-75) went to Banaras, India, and changed his Gotra from 'Bharadwaj' to 'Kasyap' to remain free from the sin of 'Gotra Hatya'(killing of own clan) during the unification of Nepal. Why Aganja is not mentioned? But the important thing to note is that ALL eight families would belong to Shrestha and/or of similar high status/caste Newar communities. That naturally leads to at the very least distrust of and at the worst fear of others. Sedai, Saunak, Shahi Atri () : Adhikari, Arjel/Arjyal, Bam (Raakse Thakuri . Most Newar people believe in Hinduism and according to Hindu systems, they are categorized into different caste and clans. Ad Choices. To begin with, the high castes (wearers of the holy thread) are divided into Bahuns (Brahmins) and Chettris, the former being of higher status. khandayat)and comes from rajput ,in north side this title rarely Even in urban centers, social gathering are significantly more exclusive than they appear to a casual observer and also more exclusive than what many might believe them to be. The latter are of lower status. Musyaju, gajyaju and many are not mentioned ? Thank you for your insightful response sir, A correction, the line The social divisions of all other groups of Nepal is NOW* based on Hindu principles (whether they are not influenced by it is another matter). Prabodh made the janti parade trip from his home to Aditis in the evening by car. On the same day as Nabarajs death, it emerged that a 12-year-old Dalit girl was found dead in another part of the country. (Incidentally, I am NOT a Gurung, contrary to what my surname says.) Prabodh and I were introduced for the first time on March 4, 2015. Witnesses said that when the group arrived at Sushamas home in Soti village, Rukum district, the girls family started shouting at them to leave. Their native language is "Nepal Bhasha" aka "Newari". For an individual, its made up of concentric circles of people with his/her family the most important structure occupying the central position (see image below). (Abha Lal is a Nepal-based journalist and has reported extensively on caste-based violence in the country. There have been multiple reports of segregation between Dalits and non-Dalits in government quarantine facilities, and the economic pain brought on by the lockdown has hit many Dalits, who were already disproportionately poor, the hardest. Meanwhile, sending a letter to the NKSS, the NDC said it has removed Khadgis from the list, Rain halts Nepal vs UAE high-stakes match in ACC Premier Cup final, NRB revises ceiling for exchange of US dollars, US Ambassador Berry meets NCP chair Dahal. It may also occur in the variant forms:. I dont know but I wouldnt put my money on it! As per my knowledge shahi also comes in Muslim bisen rajputs (converted our relatives)and the title shahi is used by Punjabi rajputs and janjua Muslim rajputs. The five castes (see image), the five social groups, are graded top to bottom. 1. In which caste does the surname "Palubanjar" lies? While this one covered marriage, follow-ups will cover the severe lack of collaboration for example.) Newar caste strucuture is much more elaborate and urban than that of the Khas/Parbate (which instead of calling it this you continue to divide on their caste lines as higher caste and Dalits). Those in the middle also self-segregate from those farther down in the hierarchy to maintain their middle status, as it were. I could be mistaken but, within the Enslavable Alcohol-Drinker caste, Limbus likely see themselves as of higher status than the rest. When i was a child, I remember being instructed to NOT do and not doing many of the things with one uncle and his family (including his children, my first cousins) that I was able to do with the rest of my uncles, aunts, and first cousins. They are the indigenous people of the Kathmandu valley theand its surrounding areas in Nepaland the creators of its historic civilization. Plus not everything can be understood and studied all at once. Yes exactly newar people can wear janai too so let me know brotherhood, . The 2011 Nepal census classifies the Thakuri as a subgroup within the broader social group of Hill Chhetri (together with Chhetri and Sanyasi/Dasnami). The Nepalese government has established an independent high-level committee to investigate the killings of six young men, including four Dalits, whose deaths drew condemnation from the UN human rights chief. But it was interesting for my family to witness the Indian ceremonies, like walking around the fire and reciting vows, and for Sams family to be a part of some of the Nepali rituals. Muslim: from the Persian royal title Shah king, emperor. In the eyes of this uncles siblings and relatives, he had lost his higher status and therefore he and his family needed to be treated like an unequal.. I would be very surprised if this were NOT the feature of most other communities belonging to other ethnic groups as well. Which is the most important river in Congo? As with many other societies of Arabia or China or Europe, such a society stems from ruler-serf traditions where 4-jaat were probably the ruling/powerful clans who overtime dominated other groups and developed the sense of superiority. Please help. The party carried on until very late with music and drinks. Saha caste in bengali belongs to SC (Scheduled caste). But, even now, social interactions between them is more limited than one would expect. (Left) After the puja ceremony, saipata, or gifts, are taken to bride Aditi Ranas home. As a cast of bhaktapur district there are more than hundreds of cast which is not menson in this .why. Once again, thank you for taking time to comment and enlightening me! Social ranking also exists within the groups that make up a caste. Akritis relationship started out very differently. Prabodh and I had had a long day. m Shrestha ho tar malae mero gotr thaha xoin k hola mero gotr?? Rules of purity and pollution, caste and heredity based professions, untouchability, etc. Acharya > Newar-Brahman > Rajopadhyaya The police initially refused to register a complaint on behalf of Angira Pasi, detaining Bhar and his family members only after public outrage. Etymology [ edit] People move within bubbles defined by and related to it. This is an opinion piece and the views expressed are the authors own. This Nepal-related article is a stub. A child at the banquet after the janti ceremony. Nepal's caste system continues to crush and kill Dalits. Nepali sociologist Harka Bahadur Gurung noted that the Thakuri is the Nepalese version of the Hindi word Thakur which means 'master of the estate'. Among the three named ethnic groups (in the image above) belonging to the Non-enslavable Alchol-Drinker castes Newar, Gurung, and Magar Newars likely see themselves as being of higher status than the other two. Since we combined Indian and Nepali traditions, it was even more drawn-out than usual, explains Akriti. For most Nepali couples who are not of the same faith, they pick and choose what they want to include, creating their own traditions. Whats the likelihood of all of them being consistent however? Nepal: Citizenship, Ultranationalists, Marital Status, And Our Inhumanity, ( ). Aru sanga pani chalchha ki chaldaina? The second point you make starts off saying with 2. Choosing a wedding date in Nepalthe small mountainous country nestled in between China and Indiahas always been a big deal. The most common Newari surnames could be Shrestha, Manandhar, Shakya etc but you might be surprised to know there are more than 115 surnames in this caste. I do appreciate it. The Nepalese caste system broadly borrows the classical Chaturvarnashram model consisting of four broad social classes or varna: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, and Sudra. Newar Chhatharey Shrestha wear Janai. For other potential spellings of this name click here. The caste with the largest ratio of representation in the civil service in Nepal is, the Rajput, who have a presence in the civil service that is 5.6 times that of their presence in the population. Plus, you have increased my storehouse of knowledge about Nepali society and our hierarchical social systems. as the aspirations of the disadvantaged groups like the Janajati and Madheshi were not addressed, most of them . Sometimes Chandel For impactful stories you just cant miss, By subscribing you agree to our Privacy Policy. According to the 2011 census report, 64% of the population either had married at one time or another and/or were still married (see chart below). found . Likewise among the non-caste Janajati groups, 4 jaat/16 jaat Gurung would be aptly compared to 12 and 18 Tamangs, or the Rana Tharu/Athpariya Tharu divide and the 7 main clans of Magars. This almost signifies a goodbye as the bride then leaves the house and goes to the grooms housewhich for me was across international borders.. Correct me if Im wrong, but Ive always thought that Subedi(s) belong to shudderingly stinking Baahun community. During centuries of their residence in Kathmandu, they mixed up with the native people of the valley. So far 29 people have been arrested in connection with the deaths, including Sushama, her parents and a village leader. Lets look at the communities of Shresthas and Shahis belonging to the Newar ethnicity. The gradation, as has already been hinted at, does NOT end thereof course! We humans fear that which one doesnt know enough about or one does NOT understand, or that which is very different from ourselves. 6 Easy Steps, Knowing Top Nepali Scientists Around The World; 11 Names, Some Of The Most Hilarious Yet Meaningful Old Nepali Adult Proverbs :), Nepalese Notes Among Worlds Most Beautiful; Represent Animals & Stand Out In Colors Combination & Simplicity, 39 Timeless Photographs Of Historic Nepal You Must See, Bindu Pariyar Won The Case But No She Is Not Going To Get Rs 72 Crore, The Truth Behind Narayan Gopal And Chandani Shah, Top 6 Best Kept Secret Places Around Kathmandu Valley, Know Why Nepal Is The Country With The Fastest Growing Christianity In The World. The Dalits The Dalits live at the bottom of Nepal's traditional social order, known as the caste system, a 2000-year-old Hindu custom that violates civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights by many international standards. Name SHAHI () meaning in Nepali & English Royal () Wealthy () A caste in Newari community ( ) Add meaning Search trend of Name SHAHI () Names similar to SHAHI () Nwaran: Everything about Naming Ceremony in Nepal Susssssssss!!!!! Returning to our Shrestha family (belonging to family group 1). Does anybody knows the ancestor of Sainju newar. [3] Thakuri traditionally constituted the ruling and warrior classes. (As a matter of fact, the MAIN topic is so vast that this is only the second one in the series! This is a rather good thing as the caste-specific rituals and traditions will be enjoyed by all, and be spread all over Nepal. As was alluded to earlier, apart from the so-called High Castes, the Khas-aryas, other castes are made up of different ethnic groups (see image below for an example). So a Newar Shrestha/Shahi comparison is appropriate when compared with Chhetri/Damai or even more aptly with Madheshi Rajput/Kalwar groups. Much appreciated! A title of Rajput ruling families. Added after the publication of the blog post because of their relevance. why we can not feel gravitational force around us? [2] Thakuris of Nepal are also associated with some territory inherited from the days of Baisi and Chaubisi principalities and the term Thakurai actually refers to 'fiefdom'. The result? Amid the COVID-19 pandemic and continued lockdown when the poor Nepalis are struggling to make their ends meet, Nepal is shocked by the deaths of Dalit boys - who were the victims of caste-based discrimination in an incident at Rukum West, Karnali Province. Typically, the groom travels in either a decorated car or horse-drawn carriagePrabodh made the trip by caraccompanied by family members, friends, and often a band, wearing a new outfit, a tika, and a garland of flowers and dubo or durva grass, which is a symbol of long life. Buddhacharya Pani chaina ho.Gotra chahi k huncha BAJRACHARYA,buddhacharya haru ko?? But again, because of the topic of this blog, dwelling on that would be tangentialthough, again, important, very important! Most higher caste people are in positions of leadership, while Dalits are held back economically, socially, culturally and . I think Shilpakar also belongs to the craftsman group. Both are from the Kshetriya tribe. Shrestha thinks of himself as a Hindu-Kshatriya of his society and the overarching role as a patron caste and expects to be treated by others as one, and sees the Shahi as a outcaste Shudra. ( ) Excellent interview with Aahuti about the history of the Caste System in Nepal going as far back as 3.5K years!! In Nepal, WASH-CC members coordinate and monitor WASH activities in their designated municipalities. February 2021. The janti parade route goes past Pashupatinath, a famous Shiva temple complex. You also pointed out, and I quote: While your point of stratification within these both groups through your examples is very clear, my point was that a more nuanced understanding and difference between caste and tribe is needed to further understand Nepals social hierarchies. Absolutely! All this is not there within the 4-jaat and 16 jaat Gurung. are found in both Raute and Thakuri. The actual number of cases is thought to be much higher. in Nepali meanings Shahi in English. to the untouchables (Kasai/Shahi, Kulu, Jogi, Dhobi, Pode, Chyame, etc.) Activists fear the police will not treat the deaths of the four Dalits seriously. Janajati groups in Nepal are neither culturally homogeneous nor are they so linguistically . The slow and platitudinous responses of both government officials and non-Dalit Nepalis to the murders are especially striking when contrasted with the immediate action that was taken over the recent border row with India, when the government tabled a constitutional amendment in Parliament to give legal backing to a new map that shows Kalapani, Lipulekh and Limpiyadhura as part of the countrys territory. Although the Interim Constitution of 2006 enshrined Rights against untouchability and caste-based discrimination and the Caste-Based Discrimination and Untouchability Act of 2011 outlined punishments for discrimination and violence against Dalits, impunity still remains rampant. Pushpa Lal Shrestha (1924-1978), Founder of Communist Party of Nepal Marich Man Shrestha (1942-2013) Former Prime Minister Sahana Pradhan (1927-2014), Leader of CPN-ML, Former Deputy PM Hisila Yami (b.1959), Leader Yug Kavi Siddhicharan Shrestha (1912-1992), poet Satya Mohan Joshi (1920- 2022), Scholar of history and culture

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